Court case I ZR 223/19 – Court Ruling (Germany, 2025)

Court Ruling
Court of Justice of the European Union27 March 2025Germany
final
Court Ruling

General GDPR enforcement action

This case relates to broader data protection obligations, not specifically to cookie or consent banner compliance. It is not included in cookie statistics or the Risk Calculator.

A court ruled that a pharmacist selling non-prescription medicines on Amazon must get customer consent for processing health data. This is important because it reinforces the need for businesses to ask for permission before handling sensitive information. Online sellers should be careful about how they collect and use customer data.

What happened

The Court of Justice ruled that health data is collected when customers order pharmacy-only products online, requiring prior consent.

Who was affected

Customers ordering pharmacy-only but non-prescription medicines were affected.

What the authority found

The Court held that processing health data without customer consent violates GDPR rules.

Why this matters

This ruling sets a precedent for how online sales of health-related products must be handled. Businesses should ensure they have clear consent processes for any sensitive data they collect.

GDPR Articles Cited

AI-verified

Art. 9(GDPR)
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Art. 9(GDPR)

Original data from scraper before AI verification against source document.

Decision AuthorityBGH
Reviewed AuthorityCJEU
Source verified 20 March 2026
articles corrected
national law identified
authority corrected
date discrepancy
Full Legal Summary
Detailed

A pharmacist sold non-prescription but pharmacy-only medicine through Amazon requiring customers to enter their name, delivery address and the information necessary for the individualization of the medicines. On the basis of the German Act against Unfair Competition ([https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_uwg/englisch_uwg.html Gesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb – UWG]), a competitor sought an injunction prohibiting the controller from selling pharmacy-only but non-prescription medication through Amazon unless customers could express their consent to the data processing in advance. The competitor alleged that the sale through Amazon was unlawful under the GDPR as it did not ask for the prior consent of the customer’s as required under Article 9(2) GDPR for the processing of sensitive data. The Regional Court granted the claim. The first Court of Appeal dismissed the defendant's appeal. The defendant pursued its motion to dismiss the action with the appeal granted by the Court of Appeal. The BGH stayed the proceedings and referred the case to the CJEU for a preliminary ruling. The CJEU on 4 October 2024 held in C-21/23, Lindenapotheke that information entered by customers when ordering pharmacy-only medical products constitutes health data, even when the products are prescription-free. The Court further found that the GDPR does not preclude national law enabling a controller’s competitors to challenge GDPR infringements in court as prohibited unfair commercial practices. The court implemented the CJEU's decision. Thus, it held, that if a customer orders prescription-only medications via a pharmacist's account on Amazon, health data is collected and processed within the meaning of of the Federal Data Protection Act (Bundesdatenschutzgesetz - BDSG) and Article 9 GDPR. Additionally, the court held, that the processing of order data without express consent pursuant to Article 9(2)(a) GDPR constitutes a violation of a market conduct regulation pursuant to the

Outcome

Court Ruling

A ruling by a national court on a data-protection matter.

Related Cases (0)

No other cases found for Court case I ZR 223/19 in DE

This is the only recorded case for this entity in this jurisdiction.

Details

Ruling Date

27 March 2025

Authority

Court of Justice of the European Union

About this data

Data: GDPRhub (noyb.eu)
Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
AI-verified and classified

Cite as: Cookie Fines. Court case I ZR 223/19 - Germany (2025). Retrieved from cookiefines.eu

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