GDPR Fines & Penalties 2026
Search GDPR fines, penalties, warnings, orders, bans, and investigations across Europe by country, action type, GDPR article, and violation category.
Frequently Asked Questions About GDPR Enforcement
Q:What types of GDPR enforcement actions exist?
GDPR enforcement actions include monetary fines (the most publicised), formal warnings, reprimands, processing bans, data erasure orders, and compliance orders. DPAs can also impose temporary or permanent limitations on data processing. Fines can reach up to EUR 20 million or 4% of annual worldwide turnover, whichever is higher, under Article 83(5) GDPR.
Q:How are GDPR fines calculated by data protection authorities?
DPAs consider factors listed in Article 83(2) GDPR: nature, gravity, and duration of the infringement; intentional or negligent character; actions taken to mitigate damage; degree of responsibility; previous infringements; degree of cooperation; categories of personal data affected; how the infringement became known; and adherence to approved codes of conduct or certification mechanisms.
Q:Can GDPR fines be appealed?
Yes, GDPR fines can be appealed through national courts. Many high-profile fines have been challenged. The appeals process varies by country. Some fines have been reduced on appeal (e.g., British Airways' fine was reduced from GBP 183 million to GBP 20 million), while others have been upheld or even increased.
Browse case links on this page
GDPR Enforcement Actions (357 total)
- Tax and Customs Administration (Netherlands) – court ruling – Oct 2020
- Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens (Netherlands) – court ruling – Oct 2020
- Municipality of Eindhoven (Netherlands) – court ruling – Oct 2020
- Het college van burgemeester en wethouders van Den Haag (Netherlands) – court ruling – Oct 2020
- Het college van burgemeester en wethouders van Bladel (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2020
- Minister for Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2020
- AVROTROS (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2020
- Court case 200.274.447_01 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2020
- ING Bank N.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2020
- COOPERATIVE RABOBANK UA (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2020
- STICHTING RECLASSERING NEDERLAND (Netherlands) – court ruling – Aug 2020
- Tax officer of the municipality of Bergen op Zoom (Netherlands) – court ruling – Aug 2020
- Executive Board of TU Delft (Netherlands) – court ruling – Aug 2020
- ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Aug 2020
- Ambitious People Group (Netherlands) – €6K – Jul 2020
- Court case 8598127 KK EXPL 20-357 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- Stichting Philadelphia Zorg (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- ING Bank N.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- Executive board of the municipality of Haarlem (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- Court case AWB- 20_7155 VV (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- ING Bank N.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- Bureau Krediet Registration ('BKR') (Netherlands) – €830K – Jul 2020
- Google (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jun 2020
- Court case AWB - 19_1554 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jun 2020
- Court case AWB- 20_5255 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jun 2020