GDPR Fines & Penalties 2026
Search published European fines, warnings, orders and court decisions with a confirmed EU GDPR legal basis. Cases whose applicable law has not yet been confirmed are excluded.
Selected coverage: Europe. Only published cases are included.
17 results · Showing 1–17
Court case C/02/438794 / HA RK 25-192 (E)
Royal Dutch Aviation Association
Claimant
Stichting Bravis Ziekenhuis (hospital)
Belastingdienst
Veilig Thuis
Court case AWB- 20_5521
Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality
The Executive of the Municipality of Etten-Leur ('het college van burgemeester en wethouders van de gemeente Etten-Leur')
Anonymous Mother
Tax officer of the municipality of Bergen op Zoom
ABN AMRO Bank N.V.
Court case AWB- 20_7155 VV
Court case AWB - 19_1554
Court case AWB- 20_5255
The chief of police
Achmea
Frequently Asked Questions About GDPR Enforcement
Q:What types of GDPR enforcement actions exist?
GDPR enforcement actions include monetary fines (the most publicised), formal warnings, reprimands, processing bans, data erasure orders, and compliance orders. DPAs can also impose temporary or permanent limitations on data processing. Fines can reach up to EUR 20 million or 4% of annual worldwide turnover, whichever is higher, under Article 83(5) GDPR.
Q:How are GDPR fines calculated by data protection authorities?
DPAs consider factors listed in Article 83(2) GDPR: nature, gravity, and duration of the infringement; intentional or negligent character; actions taken to mitigate damage; degree of responsibility; previous infringements; degree of cooperation; categories of personal data affected; how the infringement became known; and adherence to approved codes of conduct or certification mechanisms.
Q:Can GDPR fines be appealed?
Yes, GDPR fines can be appealed through national courts. Many high-profile fines have been challenged. The appeals process varies by country. Some fines have been reduced on appeal (e.g., British Airways' fine was reduced from GBP 183 million to GBP 20 million), while others have been upheld or even increased.
Browse case links on this page
GDPR Enforcement Actions (17 total)
- Court case C/02/438794 / HA RK 25-192 (E) (Netherlands) – court ruling – Dec 2025
- Royal Dutch Aviation Association (Netherlands) – court ruling – Nov 2025
- Claimant (Netherlands) – court ruling – Oct 2022
- Stichting Bravis Ziekenhuis (hospital) (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2022
- Belastingdienst (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jun 2022
- Veilig Thuis (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jan 2022
- Court case AWB- 20_5521 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Dec 2021
- Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2021
- The Executive of the Municipality of Etten-Leur ('het college van burgemeester en wethouders van de gemeente Etten-Leur') (Netherlands) – court ruling – Apr 2021
- Anonymous Mother (Netherlands) – court ruling – Nov 2020
- Tax officer of the municipality of Bergen op Zoom (Netherlands) – court ruling – Aug 2020
- ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Aug 2020
- Court case AWB- 20_7155 VV (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- Court case AWB - 19_1554 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jun 2020
- Court case AWB- 20_5255 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jun 2020
- The chief of police (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jan 2020
- Achmea (Netherlands) – court ruling – Oct 2019