GDPR Fines & Penalties 2026
Search GDPR fines, penalties, warnings, orders, bans, and investigations across Europe by country, action type, GDPR article, and violation category.
Frequently Asked Questions About GDPR Enforcement
Q:What types of GDPR enforcement actions exist?
GDPR enforcement actions include monetary fines (the most publicised), formal warnings, reprimands, processing bans, data erasure orders, and compliance orders. DPAs can also impose temporary or permanent limitations on data processing. Fines can reach up to EUR 20 million or 4% of annual worldwide turnover, whichever is higher, under Article 83(5) GDPR.
Q:How are GDPR fines calculated by data protection authorities?
DPAs consider factors listed in Article 83(2) GDPR: nature, gravity, and duration of the infringement; intentional or negligent character; actions taken to mitigate damage; degree of responsibility; previous infringements; degree of cooperation; categories of personal data affected; how the infringement became known; and adherence to approved codes of conduct or certification mechanisms.
Q:Can GDPR fines be appealed?
Yes, GDPR fines can be appealed through national courts. Many high-profile fines have been challenged. The appeals process varies by country. Some fines have been reduced on appeal (e.g., British Airways' fine was reduced from GBP 183 million to GBP 20 million), while others have been upheld or even increased.
Browse case links on this page
GDPR Enforcement Actions (72 total)
- CJEU case C‑590/22 PS (Incorrect address) (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jun 2024
- CJEU case C‑178/22 Procura della Repubblica presso il Tribunale di Bolzano (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Apr 2024
- CJEU case C-768/21 Land Hessen (Obligation of the data protection authority to act) (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Apr 2024
- OC (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Mar 2024
- CJEU case C-740/22 Endemol Shine Finland (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Mar 2024
- Marián Kočner (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Mar 2024
- CJEU case C-118/22 Direktor na Glavna direktsia ‘Natsionalna politsia’ pri MVR – Sofia (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jan 2024
- CJEU case C-33/22 Österreichische Datenschutzbehörde (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jan 2024
- LM (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jan 2024
- ZQ (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Dec 2023
- CJEU case C‑340/21 Natsionalna agentsia za prihodite (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Dec 2023
- CJEU case C‑333/22 Ligue des droits humains (Verification by the supervisory authority of data processing) (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Nov 2023
- CJEU case C‑319/22 Gesamtverband Autoteile-Handel (Access to vehicle information) (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Nov 2023
- CJEU case C-162/22 Lietuvos Respublikos generalinė prokuratūra (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Sept 2023
- Meta Platforms Inc., formerly Facebook Inc. (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jul 2023 | Third-Party Cookies Without Consent
- CJEU case C-34/21 Hauptpersonalrat der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Mar 2023
- Spetsializiran nakazatelen sad (Specialised Criminal Court, Bulgaria) (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jan 2023
- CJEU case C-560/21 (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jan 2023
- CJEU case C‑456/22 Gemeinde Ummendorf (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jan 2023
- SOVIM SA (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Nov 2022
- CJEU case C‑159/20 Commission v Denmark (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jul 2022
- Parliament of the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republikas Saeima) (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jun 2021
- Orange România SA (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Nov 2020
- Privacy International (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Oct 2020
- Constantin Film Verleih GmbH (European Union) – cjeu ruling – Jul 2020