GDPR Fines & Penalties 2026
Search published European fines, warnings, orders and court decisions with a confirmed EU GDPR legal basis. Cases whose applicable law has not yet been confirmed are excluded.
Selected coverage: Europe. Only published cases are included.
19 results · Showing 1–19
ING Bank N.V.
Minister van Financiën
Blauw Research B.V.
Minister of Finance (Dutch Tax Administration)
Rotterdam Municipal Board
NN
plaintiff 1
Police Rotterdam
Court case 9436020 \ CV EXPL 21-30289
Court case 9435922
Coolblue B.V.
Court case C/10/603827 / KG ZA 20-816
Minister van Buitenlandse Zaken, Directie Juridische Zaken
De Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid, Dienst Terugkeer en Vertrek
KPN
ING Bank N.V.
STICHTING ALBERT SCHWEITZER Hospital
The Board of the Legal Aid Council
Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam
Frequently Asked Questions About GDPR Enforcement
Q:What types of GDPR enforcement actions exist?
GDPR enforcement actions include monetary fines (the most publicised), formal warnings, reprimands, processing bans, data erasure orders, and compliance orders. DPAs can also impose temporary or permanent limitations on data processing. Fines can reach up to EUR 20 million or 4% of annual worldwide turnover, whichever is higher, under Article 83(5) GDPR.
Q:How are GDPR fines calculated by data protection authorities?
DPAs consider factors listed in Article 83(2) GDPR: nature, gravity, and duration of the infringement; intentional or negligent character; actions taken to mitigate damage; degree of responsibility; previous infringements; degree of cooperation; categories of personal data affected; how the infringement became known; and adherence to approved codes of conduct or certification mechanisms.
Q:Can GDPR fines be appealed?
Yes, GDPR fines can be appealed through national courts. Many high-profile fines have been challenged. The appeals process varies by country. Some fines have been reduced on appeal (e.g., British Airways' fine was reduced from GBP 183 million to GBP 20 million), while others have been upheld or even increased.
Browse case links on this page
GDPR Enforcement Actions (19 total)
- ING Bank N.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jun 2026
- Minister van Financiën (Netherlands) – court ruling – Nov 2024
- Blauw Research B.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Apr 2023
- Minister of Finance (Dutch Tax Administration) (Netherlands) – court ruling – Feb 2023
- Rotterdam Municipal Board (Netherlands) – court ruling – Dec 2022
- NN (Netherlands) – court ruling – Oct 2022
- plaintiff 1 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Sept 2022
- Police Rotterdam (Netherlands) – court ruling – Mar 2022
- Court case 9436020 \ CV EXPL 21-30289 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Feb 2022
- Court case 9435922 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Feb 2022
- Coolblue B.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Dec 2021
- Court case C/10/603827 / KG ZA 20-816 (Netherlands) – court ruling – Apr 2021
- Minister van Buitenlandse Zaken, Directie Juridische Zaken (Netherlands) – court ruling – Mar 2021
- De Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid, Dienst Terugkeer en Vertrek (Netherlands) – court ruling – Mar 2021
- KPN (Netherlands) – court ruling – Mar 2021
- ING Bank N.V. (Netherlands) – court ruling – Jul 2020
- STICHTING ALBERT SCHWEITZER Hospital (Netherlands) – court ruling – Apr 2020
- The Board of the Legal Aid Council (Netherlands) – court ruling – Mar 2020
- Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam (Netherlands) – court ruling – Dec 2019